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It was the first contest not to feature an orchestra, which had become an optional requirement this year, a change which IBA had utilised in an effort to cut costs. Israel withdrew voluntarily due to the contest conflicting with Yom HaShoah, giving a reprieve to Bosnia and Herzegovina which would have otherwise been relegated; Italy also made a brief return after a four-year absence, in what would be their last entry for fourteen years. Germany however would be one of the seven countries to be eliminated, along with Hungary, Denmark, Russia, Israel, Romania and the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, in what would have been their debut entry. This contest would mark the last appearance of Yugoslavia, having already begun the process of breaking up and now representing the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The RTÉ production team made a great effort to modernise the contest and attract a younger audience, with a modern stage commissioned, the largest yet seen, which featured two giant video walls, and the first ever use of a computerised scoreboard. The same group of countries from 1987 entered, however Cyprus was forced to withdraw at a late stage when it was discovered that their entry had previously competed in the Cypriot national selection in 1984.
- The Eurovision Song Contest 1963 was the eighth edition of the contest, organised by the BBC and held on 23 March 1963 at the BBC Television Centre in London, United Kingdom.
- 25 countries were featured in the eighth contest held in the UK, a new record, with Macedonia making its debut appearance.
- The Eurovision Song Contest 1969 was the fourteenth edition of the contest, organised by Televisión Española (TVE) and held on 29 March 1969 at the Teatro Real in Madrid, Spain.
- 45 years after first entering the contest, Finland secured its first win, represented by Lordi and “Hard Rock Hallelujah”.
- The Eurovision Song Contest 1977 was the twenty-second edition of the contest, organised by the BBC and held on 7 May 1977 at the Wembley Conference Centre in London, United Kingdom.
Partly in response to the concerns raised by the Swedish broadcaster, all competing countries were now required to contribute to the costs of running Eurovision, with the value of the contribution fee dependent on the country’s viewership and population. The Netherlands was the first country to win the contest under this new system, with Teach-In achieving a fourth Dutch Eurovision win with “Ding-a-dong”. A then-record 19 countries took part in this edition, which saw Greece withdrawing, France and Malta returning, and Turkey making its debut entry. Luxembourg’s CLT turned down the offer to host the contest for a second year in a row, and Spain’s RTVE as runner-up in 1973 had also rejected hosting duties; an offer by Israel’s IBA was turned down due to their limited technical capabilities, and in the end the BBC threw its hat into the ring once again to take on the contest for the fifth time. Luxembourg won the contest for the second year in a row, with the French singer Anne-Marie David giving Luxembourg its fourth win with “Tu te reconnaîtras”; Luxembourg thus became the first country to win two outright back-to-back victories, Spain having won in both 1968 and 1969 but sharing the latter title.
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Broadcast live in 31 countries which had competed in Eurovision at that point, the combined votes of the viewing public and juries selected a winner over two rounds. Greece’s Helena Paparizou became the winner of the anniversary edition of the contest with “My Number One”, the first win for Greece after 31 years of competition. Turkey gained its first Eurovision win, with Sertab Erener victorious in one of the closest contests ever seen, as “Everyway That I Can” triumphed with only three points separating the top three countries. The Eurovision Song Contest 2002 was the forty-seventh edition of the contest, organised by Eesti Televisioon (ETV) and held on 25 May 2002 at the Saku Suurhall in Tallinn, Estonia. The first use of televoting was implemented at this contest on a trial basis, with the points from Austria, Switzerland, Germany, Sweden and the United Kingdom being determined by the viewing public rather than an assembled jury.
Sweden secured its fifth Eurovision title, represented by Loreen and “Euphoria”, which would go on to become a great commercial success following the contest, selling over two million copies worldwide. The contest was also marked by concerns over Azerbaijan’s human rights record, as well as tensions with neighbouring Iran over the “anti-Islamic” nature of the contest. 42 countries competed in the contest; Armenia had originally applied to compete, but withdrew at a late stage due to security concerns related to the ongoing conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan. The Eurovision Song Contest 2011 was the fifty-sixth edition of the contest, organised by Norddeutscher Rundfunk (NDR) on behalf of ARD and held on 10, 12 and 14 May 2011 at the Düsseldorf Arena in Düsseldorf, Germany. The mix of jury and televoting seen in the 2009 final was extended into the semi-finals this year, each with an equal stake in determining the 10 qualifiers in each semi-final.
Denmark secured its second win, its first since 1963, represented by the Olsen Brothers with the song “Fly on the Wings of Love”. The first contest of the new millennium was held before the biggest crowd yet seen in its history, with over 13,000 spectators witnessing the show in the arena, and it was the first contest to be broadcast live via the internet. The Eurovision Song Contest 2000 was the forty-fifth edition of the contest, organised by SVT and held on 13 May 2000 at the Globe Arena in Stockholm, Sweden. Following the winning reprise the broadcast was concluded by all participating artists assembling on-stage to perform “Hallelujah”, the Israeli winning song from 1979, as a tribute to the victims of the then-ongoing war in the Balkans.
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The Eurovision Song Contest 1990 was the thirty-fifth edition of the contest, organised by Radiotelevizija Zagreb (RTZ) on behalf of Jugoslovenska radio-televizija (JRT) and held on 5 May 1990 at the Vatroslav Lisinski Concert Hall in Zagreb, Yugoslavia. Two of the competing acts created controversy in the run-up to the contest due to their young age, with France’s Nathalie Pâque and Israel’s Gili Netanel becoming the youngest ever participants in contest history at 11 and 12 years old respectively. The Eurovision Song Contest 1989 bangla bet was the thirty-fourth edition of the contest, organised by Télévision suisse romande (TSR) on behalf of SRG SSR and held on 6 May 1989 at the Palais de Beaulieu in Lausanne, Switzerland. In one of the closest contests yet seen, Switzerland emerged victorious by only a single point over the United Kingdom, with a then-unknown Céline Dion earning Switzerland its second victory with “Ne partez pas sans moi”. The Eurovision Song Contest 1988 was the thirty-third edition of the contest, organised by RTÉ and held on 30 April 1988 at the RDS Simmonscourt in Dublin, Ireland. The Eurovision Song Contest 1987 was the thirty-second edition of the contest, organised by Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française (RTBF) and held on 9 May 1987 at the Palais de Centenaire in Brussels, Belgium.
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A new voting system was introduced in tandem, with a jury of ten members in each country casting a single vote for their favourite song; jury members from one country could not vote for the song of their own country, a rule which still applies to the present day. Taking inspiration from the Festival of British Popular Songs, organised by the BBC in August 1956 which included a scoreboard and voting by regional juries, the contest organisers decided to incorporate these ideas into the pan-European contest, allowing viewers at home to follow the voting procedure. Early rules established that a different broadcaster would take on the task of organising the contest each year, and Germany was selected to host the 1957 event.
A tight voting sequence saw Spain and the United Kingdom vie for first place by the end, with the votes of the final juries being decisive in favour of Spain’s Massiel by just one vote. The Eurovision Song Contest 1968 was the thirteenth edition of the contest, organised by the BBC and held on 6 April 1968 at the Royal Albert Hall in London, United Kingdom. The United Kingdom’s Sandie Shaw won the contest with “Puppet on a String” in a landslide victory, with the UK gaining more than twice as many votes as the runner-up Ireland to gain its first Eurovision title. The Eurovision Song Contest 1967 was the twelfth edition of the contest, organised by Österreichischer Rundfunk (ORF) and held on 8 April 1967 at the Großer Festsaal der Wiener Hofburg in Vienna, Austria.
